Perl - PHP разговорник. Соответствие синтаксических конструкций.

Perl	PHP
Массивы
@a = (); @a = ( 'xx', 11, 33.5, ); @a = 12..33; $a[2] = 'something'; $len = scalar(@a); # or $len = @a; @a3 = ('xx', @a1, @a2); ($x, $y) = @a; $a[@a] = 'new'; # push push pop shift unshift splice foreach $i (@a) { .. }	$a = array(); $a = array( 'xx', 11, 33.5, ); $a = range(12,33); $a[2] = 'something'; $len = count($a); $a3 = array_merge('xx', $a1, $a2); list($x, $y) = $a; $a[] = 'new'; # push array_push array_pop array_shift array_unshift array_splice foreach ($a as $i) { .. }
Ассоциативные массивы (хэши)
%h = (); %h = ( 'x' => 'y', 'z' => 'w', ); $h{'x'} = 7; while (($key,$value) = each(%h)) { .. } $a = keys(%h); $b = values(%h); delete $h{'x'};	$h = array(); $h = array( 'x' => 'y', 'z' => 'w', ); $h['x'] = 7; foreach ($h as $key => $value) { .. } $a = array_keys($h); $b = array_values($h); unset( $h['x'] );
Структуры данных
%h = ('a'=>13, 'b'=>25); @x = ('hi', 'there', 'all',); @mix = ( \%h, \@x, [33..39], { x=>15, yy=>23, }, ); $mix[0]->{'b'} # == 25 $mix[0]{'b'} # == 25 $mix[2]->[2] # == 35 $mix[2][2] # == 35	$h = array('a'=>13, 'b'=>25); $x = array('hi', 'there', 'all',); $mix = array($h, $x, range(33,39), array('x'=>15, 'yy'=>23), ); $mix[0]['b'] # == 25 $mix[2][2] # == 35
Массивы split/join
@a = split( '\|', $s ); @a = split( '\s+', $s ); $s = join( '|', @a );	$a = preg_split( '/\|/', $s, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY ); $a = preg_split( '/\s+/', $s, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY ); $s = join( '|', $a );
Перевод строки в нижний/верхний регистр
$s = lc($s); $s = uc($s); $s =~ tr/a-z/A-Z/;	$s = strtolower($s); $s = strtoupper($s);
Сравнение строк
$s1 eq $s2 $s1 lt $s2	strcmp($s1,$s2) == 0 # or $s1 === $s2 strcmp($s1,$s2) < 0
Функции
sub foo { my @args = @_; } sub foo { $x = 5; } foo2( \@a, \%h );	function foo() { $args = func_get_args(); } function foo() { global $x; $x = 5; } function foo2($x, $y) { } foo2( $a, $h );
Операции с регулярными выражениями
$s =~ m/(\w+)/; $substr = $1; @all = ($s =~ m/(\w+)/g); $s =~ s/\s+/X/; $s =~ s/\s+/X/g; $s =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;	preg_match( "/(\w+)/", $s, $match ); $substr = $match[1]; preg_match_all( "/(\w+)/", $s, $match ); $all = $match[0]; $s = preg_replace( "/\s+/", 'X', $s, 1 ); $s = preg_replace( "/\s+/", 'X', $s ); $s = trim($s);
basename/dirname
use File::Basename; $b = basename($path); $d = dirname($path);	$b = basename($path); $d = dirname($path);
Переменные окружения
%ENV $ENV{REQUEST_METHOD} $ARGV[$i] $0	$_SERVER $_SERVER[REQUEST_METHOD] $argv[$i+1] $argv[0] # только CGI
Параметры POST/GET
#form/hyperlink parameters: # s : single-valued # m : multi-valued use CGI (:standard); $s = param('s'); @m = param('m'); @param_names = param(); $num_params = param();	#form/hyperlink parameters: # s : single-valued # m[] : multi-valued # (such as multi-selections # and checkbox groups) $PARAM = array_merge($_GET, $_POST); $s = $PARAM['s']; # a scalar $m = $PARAM['m']; # an array $param_names = array_keys($PARAM); $num_params = count($PARAM);
Элементы HTML
use CGI (:standard); $ref = "x.cgi"; a({href=>$ref}, "yy") textfield({name=>"yy", size=>5}) password({name=>"yy", size=>5}) textarea({name=>"yy", cols=>5, rows=>2}) submit({value=>"yy"}) button( {name=>"xx", value=>"yy", onclick=>"submit()", } ) %labels = (0=>'a',1=>'q',2=>'x'); popup_menu( { name=>"xx", values=>[0..2], labels=>\%labels, size=>4, } ) @a = ('xx','yy','zz'); radio_group( { name=>'nn', values=> \@a, default=>'_', linebreak=>1, } ) %labels = ('xx'=>'L1','yy'=>'L2'); @a = keys( %labels ); checkbox_group( { name=>'nn', values=> \@a, labels=> \%labels, } ) table( Tr( [ td(['a','b']), td(['x','y']), ] ) )	# The Perl/CGI functions have the # additional property of "stability" # when used in reentrant forms. # The values of the HTML elements are # set according to the incoming # parameter values for those elements. # The versions below are not stable. $ref = "x.php"; <a href="<?php echo $ref?>">yy</a> <input type=text name=yy size=5> <input type=password name=yy size=5> <textarea name=yy cols=5 rows=2> </textarea> <input type="submit" value=yy> <input type="button" name="xx" value="yy" onclick="submit()"> <select name="xx" size="4"> <?php $labels = array(0=>'a',1=>'q',2=>'x'); foreach (range(0,2) as $_) echo "<option value='$_'>", $labels[$_]; ?> </select> $a = array('xx','yy','zz'); foreach ($a as $_) echo "<input type=radio name=nn value='$_'>$_<br>"; $labels = array('xx'=>'L1','yy'=>'L2'); foreach (array_keys($labels) as $_) echo "<input type=checkbox name=nn value='$_'>", $labels[$_]; <table> <tr> <td>a</td><td>b</td> </tr> <tr> <td>x</td><td>y</td> </tr> </table>
urlencode
use URI::Escape; uri_escape($val) uri_unescape($val)	urlencode($val) urldecode($val)
Работа с MySQL
use DBI; $dbh = DBI->connect( 'DBI:mysql:test:localhost', $usr,$pwd ); $dbh->do( $sql_op ) $query = $dbh->prepare( $sql_op ); $query->execute(); while( @record = $query->fetchrow() ) { .. } $dbh->quote($val)	$dbh = mysql_connect( 'localhost', $usr, $pwd ); mysql_query('USE test') mysql_query( $sql_op ); $results = mysql_query( $sql_op ); while($record = mysql_fetch_row($results)) { .. } "'" . addslashes($val) . "'"